Homeostasis and There Components and Type of Feedback System

Introduction of Homeostasis

The term homeostasis derived from two word homeo means similar stasis means state. It means the similar state of body at any situation of external environment is called homeostasis. The concept of homeostasis was described by the physician Walter cannon in 1930.

Definition of Homeostasis

The condition of body in which the internal environment of the body is remain constant with external environment is called homeostasis.The external environment of body like temperature, atmospheric condition, humidity and whether is regularly change. But body temperature of our body, blood glucose Level, blood cratinine level, blood volume, and CO2 concentration is always remain constant due to homeostasis.

For Example after blood loss or donating the blood the blood volume level become equal in four days. In hot condition homeostasis process sweating start to the skin become cool. When the toxic substance is increase in your body then the rate of excretion is increase to removing the waste material

Mechanism of Homeostasis

The homeostasis in body is control by the two mechanisms

1- Positive feedback mechanism

2- Negative feedback mechanism

Component of Homeostasis

The homeostasis system of body is regulated by three components

1- Sensory (Receptor)

2- Controller

3- Effecter

Positive Feedback System

When the homeostasis of body is maintain by increasing the response rate from low to high it is called positive feedback system. Example when the blood thyroxin level is reduce in your body then guider disease is appear. In the situation thyroid cell send signal to the adrenal in Gland and it release ACTH hormone ( Adreno Cartico Trofohain Harmone ). When stimulate the thyroid gland is stimulated then it release the secretion of thyroxin hormone show the blood thyroxin level is maintained and goiter is caused.

Negative Feedback System

When the homeostasis of body is maintain by decreasing the response rate from high to low is called negative feedback system. Example when the body temperature is increase than normal temperature (37ºC) and (98.6 F) the skin receptor send signal to the hypothalamus gland. Hypothalamus stimulate the temperature regulation centre TRC And which send information to the Sweat gland sweat gland start sweating all skin so the temperature is reduced.